Hi,
Unfortunately, your project still hasn't been uploaded so it's hard to make any focused suggestions.
However, on the strength of the spreadsheet that you provided, I just knocked up an 'Aunt Sally' (so expect the odd fault or two!) that might give you some pointers (see attachment). Obviously, I've made assumptions about a few things (how you do your 'year end', allowing both credit and debit entries against each category (which I noticed is something you don't) etc etc). But at this stage, it's really just 'ideas'.
The script really isn't as daunting as it might first appear once you've spent a few minutes going through it (and most of it is to do with the 'cosmetics' rather than the 'heavy lifting' which MVD takes care of automatically).
I've not done any reports as I'm not sure at this stage if this is the way you envisage things.
As for picking up SQL, I'm not really one for sitting down with a book! Anything I've picked up has been from this Forum and by looking at other people's projects, scripts etc to see how they've tackled things - there's nothing like learning on the job.
Regards
Derek.